Porcine Circoviruses (PCVs) are a group of significant pathogens threatening the global swine industry, with four identified genotypes to date: PCV1 to PCV4. Among them, PCV1 is non-pathogenic to pigs, while PCV2, PCV3, and PCV4 have been confirmed to cause various diseases in swine. Since PCV2 was identified as the primary etiological agent of Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS) in 1998, extensive research has clarified its pathogenic mechanisms and prevention strategies. In recent years, with in-depth studies on the newly discovered PCV3 and PCV4, their pathogenic roles have become increasingly evident. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the differences in clinical signs, tissue pathological damage, antibody and cytokine levels, and immune response characteristics among PCV2, PCV3, and PCV4, aiming...

Infectious coryza in chickens is a common bacterial disease threatening the poultry farming industry. It not only hinders chicken growth and causes a sharp drop in egg production but also easily leads to mixed infections, resulting in severe economic losses for the industry. MFIbio, deeply engaged in the field of animal disease prevention and control, relies on professional technology and a rich product portfolio to provide efficient prevention and control solutions for infectious coryza in chickens to farms worldwide, safeguarding breeding safety and benefits. 1. Infectious Coryza in Chickens: A Non-Negligible Threat to Breeding (1) Pathogen and Transmission Characteristics Infectious coryza is caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum (formerly known as Haemophilus paragallinarum, still widely used in clinical practice). This Gram-negative bacterium meas...

As a common disease in the poultry farming industry, avian influenza, especially the low pathogenic avian influenza (H9N2 subtype), has always been a key focus of breeding prevention and control due to its wide spread and high risks of secondary infections. MFIbio, deeply engaged in the field of animal disease prevention and control, combines industry needs with core technologies to provide scientific prevention and control solutions for global breeding practitioners, contributing to the healthy development of the industry. 1. Core Understanding of H9N2 Subtype Avian Influenza The H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus belongs to the type A influenza virus of the Orthomyxoviridae family. The virus particles are spherical, with a diameter of 80-120 nanometers. Hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) on the envelope are its key structures. Among the H9 subtype avian...

Newcastle Disease (ND) is one of the "top killers" in the global poultry industry, causing substantial economic losses to farmers over the long term. Scientific selection and application of Newcastle Disease vaccines are the core measures for preventing and controlling this disease. This article will comprehensively popularize knowledge related to Newcastle Disease vaccines from aspects such as the nature of the disease, vaccine classification, and prevention and control schemes. I. Understanding Newcastle Disease: An Unignorable Threat to Poultry Farming The culprit of Newcastle Disease is Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), which belongs to Avian Paramyxovirus Type 1 of the Paramyxoviridae family. The virus exists in all tissues, organs, and secretions of infected poultry, with the highest viral load in the brain, spleen, and lungs, and the longest survival ...

Amid intensifying global trade competition and volatile market demands, accurately capturing marketing nodes and exhibition resources has become crucial for foreign trade enterprises to seize market opportunities. Recently, based on in-depth insights into the global market, Mfibio has compiled and released the November Global Business Marketing Hotspots Guide, while integrating resources for over 200 global exhibitions in March 2026. From practical holiday marketing and exhibition layout planning to policy risk response, it provides enterprises with an end-to-end foreign trade growth solution, empowering partners to efficiently connect with global business opportunities. I. November Global Holiday Marketing: Cultural Adaptation + Targeted Product Selection to Activate Market Demand As a peak year-end consumption season, November sees major festivals such as...

Amid the increasingly fierce competition in the global foreign trade market, the industry consensus "retaining one existing customer is more valuable than acquiring ten new ones" has become firmly established. However, many foreign trade enterprises still struggle with the dilemma of "smooth first orders but stalled repeat purchases", resulting in wasted time, energy and costs invested in the early stages. To help foreign trade enterprises break this deadlock and shift their mindset from "fulfilling orders" to "nurturing customers", Mfibio officially launches the Foreign Trade Repeat Purchase Growth Guide: Say Goodbye to One-Time Deals. With actionable systematic methods, this guide empowers enterprises to unlock the value of existing customers and achieve sustained repeat purchase growth. Addressing Industry Pain Points: Decoding the Three Major Barriers to ...